How the entropy estimate works
Entropy is length × log2(character pool size) — the number of bits of uncertainty in the result assuming every character is drawn uniformly at random, which is what happens here.
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Entropy is length × log2(character pool size) — the number of bits of uncertainty in the result assuming every character is drawn uniformly at random, which is what happens here.
Enabling more classes (lowercase, uppercase, digits, symbols) grows the pool and the entropy per character. Excluding ambiguous characters (I, l, 1, O, 0, o) trades a small amount of entropy for fewer transcription mistakes when typing a password by hand.
The crack-time estimate assumes a full offline search at a stated guess rate — it is a worst-case reference point, not a prediction of how any specific attacker or service is configured.